OUM convo..

ahad lepas, is OUM convo
and akak one of the award receiver
lets layan gambo2 akak..

akak dgn anis melaram sblom berator masuk dewan

layan anis berselfie mmg syok wooo

kami ber4

anak2 pembakar semangat akak

akak rasa, akak lagi banyak tgk buku dari depa2 ni

ini la abam yg membantu serba serbi

hantau pi kelas

bagi sokongan terutama bila akak down

penghilang stress akak

terima kasih abang!!

abah pun join sama 

thanks abah!!

semua dapat masuk sebab akak dpt 4 tiket

ada org bemurah hati bagi tiket dia ke akak

haaaaa nape gambo akak terpampang di skrin??

kik3  akak penerima anugerah director katanya

best student utk course tu

Post Graduate Diploma in SAP

gambo akak dalam buku convo OUM

jangan tak caya, walaupun udah kertu

dapat bunga dari adam n afzan

lelaki2 akak semua dalam hati ada tamannnn

begambo dgn abah

anis pun verangan convo skali

terima kasih semua, abah, afzan n anak2

tanpa kamu, siapa lah akak nih

so mari kita berusaha untuk coming MBA pulak

caiyok3!!!

gambar dari OUM

Best student katanya

so jumaat sblom convo, OUM panggil 

nak amik gambo

gini la ropa gambo nya

dgn robe yg tak bergosok

kedut seribu..  kik3

10 Bad Habits That Can Make You Healthier, Happier, And More Successful, katanya

apa 10 bad habits tu??
let's explore

1. Being Disorganized Enhances Creativity
2. Watching Cute YouTube Videos Can Make You More Productive
3. Biting Your Nails Boosts Immunity
4. A Good Gossip Boosts Your Mood
5. Swearing Relieves Stress
6. Sleeping In Protects Heart Health
7. Fidgeting Improves Alertness
8. Throwing Tantrums Reduces Tension
9. Social Media Keeps You Accountable
10. Daydreaming Helps You Solve Problems

wowww bagus ek?

OPM - COST PLANNING & CONTROL

Method to estimate cost:

• Parametric – use per unit rate
• Estimate – from lowest to upper most level
• Indexing – use previous cost + 10 % increase
• Cost Capacity – Use previous project cost of different size
• Factoring – Use cost for an item from previous project

Contracting:

• Fixed Price
• Targeted Cost – include risk and uncertainties, benefit and risk are shared 
• Maximum Guaranteed price – Risk to contractor, benefit is shared
• Easy Payback – cost and expenses reimbursed to contractor without profit
• Cost Plus – Time and materials are reimbursed with agreed profit margin
• Unit rate – based on work accomplished

Cost and Project Objectives:

• Cost is one of the project objectives
• Unless cost is controlled project objectives can be jeopardized
• Cost, time and quality are interlinked. Cost control is most critical
• Most poorly managed project have cost overrun 

Cost Control:

Who control cost?

• Project manager must control spending and cost
• Strong culture of trust and responsibility is crucial for cost control

When to Control cost?

• Project cost spending is low at the beginning
• As project progress complexity increases and control effectiveness reduces

Where to control cost

• Cost are best controlled at source
• Issues and problems are to be resolved before cost is incurred
• Cost controller can be located on site

 How to control Cost? – use traditional variance analysis and Earned Value Analysis

Cost Collection:

Labor

• Time sheet – normal delay in data collections and fed back to PM can cause be serious ( 3 weeks to reach PM)

Materials

• Accurate data must record procurement of materials at issue of PO, at receipt of goods and at payment of invoice
• Three stages collection gives more up to date indication on cost and spending information

Cost Codes

• Cost codes helps detailing spending and improves control
• Too much details can increase cost collections and slow action

Complete cost information data is mandatory for an effective cost control

SV = BCWP – BCWS

CV  =  BCWP  - ACWP

Performance indices gives dimensionless index with value less or more than 1.0

CPI  =  BCWP / ACWP

Where CPI = cost performance index

SPI  =  BCWP/ BCWS

Where SPI = Schedule Performance index

Performance indicator:

CPI > 1.0    Project is saving

      < 1.0    Project is over spending

SPI  > 1.0  Project is ahead of schedule

       < 1.0 project is behind schedule

• Accuracy of performance indicator is dependent on the accuracy of cost data collection
• Detailed data sheet indicating cost and schedule can be cumbersome and computer and software need to be utilized
• Usually used for large projects due to administrative costs

OPM - Quallity Management

Definition of Quality:

• Customer satisfaction
• Manufacturing based - conformance to standards, making it right the first time, zero defect.
• Product based - specific and measurable attributes of the product.

TQM:

• Continuous improvement (Kaizen)
• Six sigma (3.4 defect/million)
• employee empowerment
• benchmarking
• just-in-time (JIT)
• taguchi concept
• knowledge of TQM tools

Tools of TQM:

• Check sheet
• scatter diagrams
• cause-and effect diagram (taghuci/fish bone diagram)
• pareto charts
• flow charts
• histogram
• statistical process control (SPC)

Cost of Quality:

1. Prevention costs - reducing the potential for defects.
2. Appraisal costs - evaluating products, parts and services.
3. Internal failure - producing defective parts or service before delivery
4. External costs - defects discovered after delivery.

Quality GURU:

W Edward Deming	14 Point for Management
Joseph M Juran	Top Mgmt commitment, fitness for use
Armand Feigenbaum	Total Quality Control
Philip B Crosby	Quality is Free

Benefit of quality:

Company reputation

• Perception of new products
• Employment practices
• Supplier relations

Product liability

• Reduce risk

Global implications

• Improved ability to compete

Deming Quality Concept:

• Create consistency of purpose
• Lead to promote change
• Build quality into the product; stop depending on inspection
• Build long term relationships based on performance, not price
• Continuously improve product, quality, and service
• Start training
• Emphasize leadership
• Drive out fear
• Break down barriers between departments
• Stop haranguing workers
• Support, help, improve
• Remove barriers to pride in work
• Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement
• Put everybody in the company to work on the transformation

Six Sigma - DMAIC Approach:

• Define critical outputs and identify gaps for improvement
• Measure the work and collect process data
• Analyze the data
• Improve the process
• Control the new process to make sure new performance is maintained

Benchmarking - Selecting best practices to use as a standard for performance

• Determine what to benchmark
• Form a benchmark team
• Identify benchmarking partners
• Collect and analyze benchmarking information
• Take action to match or exceed the benchmark

Taguchi Concept: Experimental design methods to improve product and process design

• Identify key component and process variables affecting product variation

Taguchi Concepts

• Quality robustness
• Quality loss function
• Target-oriented quality

When and Where to Inspect

• At the supplier’s plant while the supplier is producing
• At your facility upon receipt of goods from the supplier
• Before costly or irreversible processes
• During the step-by-step production processes
• When production or service is complete
• Before delivery from your facility
• At the point of customer contact